Alongside the aforementioned changes to the visa exemption regime, the Thai Cabinet has approved the country’s first formal administrative framework for the deportation of foreign nationals. The draft Prime Minister’s Office Regulation on deportation aims to standardize and expedite the process of removing foreign nationals who have violated immigration, employment, business, or criminal laws. Previously, Thailand lacked a unified administrative regulation governing deportation procedures. This often resulted in removal cases requiring extensive, case-by-case coordination between multiple agencies, which could cause delays.
The new regulation identifies six categories of conduct that may justify deportation when removal is deemed necessary to protect public order and morality:
- Illegal entry into or unlawful stay in Thailand;
- Illegal employment in violation of foreign employment laws;
- Unlawful business operations under the Foreign Business Act;
- Forging or using forged official documents;
- Committing a criminal offense punishable by three or more years of imprisonment; and
- Acting as a principal offender, organizer, instigator, supporter, or accomplice in relation to any of the above offenses.
The new deportation framework is part of Thailand’s wider shift towards stricter immigration enforcement. Although it does not impact lawful tourism activities, the risk of enforcement action is higher for foreign nationals who overstay their visas, work without the necessary authorization, in particular a proper visa and work permit, conduct business without the required approvals, use false documentation, or engage in activities that are inconsistent with their immigration status.